Let's install Ubuntu on VirtualBox. The installed version is based on 20.04, it is the latest LTS version at the time of writing. If you want to download another version, you can go to releases.ubuntu.com and download the version you want.
2.2 Input Name, and click Next(N).2.3 For the memory size, set the recommended memory size of 1024 MB.2.4 Set up the hard disk. Use the recommended 10.00 GB. 2.5 Select the hard disk file type as VDI.2.6 Storing on a physical hard drive selects dynamic allocation.2.7 Confirm file location and size.2.8 Once you've done that, you'll see your virtual machine as shown below.2.9 From now on, it is the process of installing Ubuntu on the virtual machine. Run setup and select storage as shown below 2.10 Controller: Select IDE's Empty and choose the optical drive. Just select the Ubuntu file you downloaded from Create a Virtual Optical Disc.2.11 When you run Start, the uploaded Ubuntu installation file is executed. 2.12 Running as below 2.13 Run install Ubuntu2.14 Select Keyboard layout2.15 Select the software to install. For general use, select Normal installation. If you use it for special purposes, select Minimal Installation, and install required packages later.2.16 Continue to install 2.17 When a confirmation window appears, execute Continue.2.18 Input location and account information.2.19 After installation, reboot now
First of all, NMS is an abbreviation for Network Management System, and EMS is an abbreviation for Element Management System. TMN, a very old standard document, describes the two as concepts such as NM, EM, and NE. We will look at the relevant standard documents when there is an opportunity in the future, and first, let's look at a schematic concept. In order to efficiently operate and manage network equipment, NMS and EMS suitable for the service area are required. In general, in the case of wired networks, NMS is often operated alone, and in the case of mobile communication networks, EMS is required in addition to NMS. In this article, we will examine the concept of the overall management system and explain the differences between NMS and EMS. Management System refers to a GUI system that performs network management functions, usually represented by FCAPS. Here, FCAPS means the following five functions. l Fault Management l Configuration Management l Accou...
When defining the functions of NMS and EMS, it is often referred to as FCAPS. FCAPS stands for Fault, Configuration, Account, Performance, and Security. The functions of a normal management system are all included in this category. Let's take a look at each function. Fault Management Fault means unavailable status. When talking about a fault, it is usually referred to as an alarm. Fault and alarm are not specifically distinguished, but to be strict, fault can be considered to mean a phenomenon in which a fault occurred in the system, and faults are classified into hardware and software. Alarm defines in detail about a fault that has occurred and informs the operator when a fault occurs. According to the definition of the standard document, Alarm usually has Severity, Probable Cause, Category, and additionally includes location information. A brief look at each definition is as follows. Severity: Severity is defined as Critical Major, Minor, Warn...
Syslog Definition Syslog is a standard protocol that defines log information and collection with 'The BSD syslog protocol' defined in RFC 3164. Transport Protocol Syslog transmits log information using the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and is transmitted using port number 514. Since UDP is used, the reliability of the transfer cannot be guaranteed and is unilaterally transferred to the server and ended. Packet Format Syslog Message is divided into PRI Part, Header, and MSG. PRI Part It consists of Facility and Severity. The Facility is defined as follows: Numerical Code Facility 0 Kernel messages 1 User-level messages 2 Mail system 3 System daemons 4 Security/authentication messages 5 Messages generated internally by syslogd 6 Line printer subsystem 7 Network news subsystem 8 UUCP subsystem 9 Clock daemon 10 Security/authentication messages 11 FTP daemon 12 NTP subsystem 13 Log audit 14 Log alert 15 Scheduling daemon 16–23 Locally used facilities Severity Numerical Code Severit...
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